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Java范圍下載

如果僅需要文件中的部分數據,您可以使用范圍下載,下載指定范圍內的數據。

注意事項

  • 本文以華東1(杭州)外網Endpoint為例。如果您希望通過與OSS同地域的其他阿里云產品訪問OSS,請使用內網Endpoint。關于OSS支持的RegionEndpoint的對應關系,請參見OSS訪問域名、數據中心、開放端口

  • 本文以從環境變量讀取訪問憑證為例。如何配置訪問憑證,請參見配置訪問憑證

  • 本文以OSS域名新建OSSClient為例。如果您希望通過自定義域名、STS等方式新建OSSClient,請參見新建OSSClient

  • 要范圍下載,您必須有oss:GetObject權限。具體操作,請參見RAM用戶授權自定義的權限策略

指定正常的下載范圍

以下代碼用于指定正常的下載范圍來下載文件。

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.GetObjectRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.OSSObject;

import java.io.InputStream;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以華東1(杭州)為例,其它Region請按實際情況填寫。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 從環境變量中獲取訪問憑證。運行本代碼示例之前,請確保已設置環境變量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填寫Bucket名稱,例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填寫Object完整路徑,例如exampledir/exampleobject.txt。Object完整路徑中不能包含Bucket名稱。
        String objectName = "exampledir/exampleobject.txt";
        // 填寫Bucket所在地域。以華東1(杭州)為例,Region填寫為cn-hangzhou。
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // 創建OSSClient實例。
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();
        
        InputStream in = null;
        try {
            GetObjectRequest getObjectRequest = new GetObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName);
            // 對于大小為1000 Bytes的文件,正常的字節范圍為0~999。
            // 獲取0~999字節范圍內的數據,包括0和999,共1000個字節的數據。如果指定的范圍無效(比如開始或結束位置的指定值為負數,或指定值大于文件大小),則下載整個文件。
            getObjectRequest.setRange(0, 999);

            // 范圍下載。
            OSSObject ossObject = ossClient.getObject(getObjectRequest);

            // 讀取數據。
            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            in = ossObject.getObjectContent();
            for (int n = 0; n != -1; ) {
                n = in.read(buf, 0, buf.length);
            }
            ossObject.close();
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
            // 數據讀取完成后,獲取的流必須關閉,否則會造成連接泄漏,導致請求無連接可用,程序無法正常工作。
            if (in != null) {
                in.close();
            }
        }
    }
}            

流式讀取一次可能無法讀取全部數據。如果您需要流式讀取64 KB的數據,請使用如下的方式多次讀取,直到讀取到64 KB或者文件結束。詳情請參見InputStream.read

byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
InputStream in = ossObject.getObjectContent();
for (int n = 0; n != -1; ) {
    n = in.read(buf, 0, buf.length);
}
in.close();

指定異常的下載范圍

假設現有大小為1000 BytesObject,則指定的正常下載范圍應為0~999。如果指定范圍不在有效區間,會導致Range不生效,響應返回值為200,并傳送整個Object的內容。請求不合法的示例及返回說明如下:

  • 若指定了Range: bytes=500~2000,此時范圍末端取值不在有效區間,返回整個文件的內容,且HTTP Code200。

  • 若指定了Range: bytes=1000~2000,此時范圍首端取值不在有效區間,返回整個文件的內容,且HTTP Code200。

標準行為范圍下載

在請求中增加請求頭x-oss-range-behavior:standard,則改變指定范圍不在有效區間時OSS的下載行為。假設現有大小為1000 BytesObject:

  • 若指定了Range: bytes=500~2000,此時范圍末端取值不在有效區間,返回500~999字節范圍內容,且HTTP Code206。

  • 若指定了Range: bytes=1000~2000,此時范圍首端取值不在有效區間,返回HTTP Code416,錯誤碼為InvalidRange。

以下代碼用于標準行為范圍下載。

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.GetObjectRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.OSSObject;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以華東1(杭州)為例,其它Region請按實際情況填寫。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 從環境變量中獲取訪問憑證。運行本代碼示例之前,請確保已設置環境變量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填寫Bucket名稱,例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填寫Object完整路徑,例如exampledir/exampleobject.txt。Object完整路徑中不能包含Bucket名稱。
        String objectName = "exampledir/exampleobject.txt";

        // 創建OSSClient實例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);

        try {
            // 范圍末端取值不在有效區間,返回500~999字節范圍內容,且HTTP Code為206。
            GetObjectRequest getObjectRequest = new GetObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName);
            getObjectRequest.setRange(500, 2000);
            getObjectRequest.addHeader("x-oss-range-behavior", "standard");
            OSSObject ossObject = ossClient.getObject(getObjectRequest);
            ossObject.close();

            System.out.println("standard get " + "500~2000 "+ "statusCode:"  + ossObject.getResponse().getStatusCode());
            System.out.println("standard get " + "500~2000 " + "contentLength:" + ossObject.getResponse().getContentLength());

            // 范圍首端取值不在有效區間,以下代碼會拋出異常。返回HTTP Code為416,錯誤碼為InvalidRange。
            getObjectRequest = new GetObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName);
            getObjectRequest.setRange(1000, 2000);
            getObjectRequest.addHeader("x-oss-range-behavior", "standard");
            OSSObject ossObject2 = ossClient.getObject(getObjectRequest);
            ossObject2.close();
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

相關文檔

關于范圍下載的API接口說明,請參見GetObject