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首頁 對象存儲 開發參考 SDK參考 Java 數據安全 防盜鏈

使用Java SDK配置Referer防盜鏈來阻止其他網站引用OSS文件

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您可以使用Java SDK在OSS中配置基于請求標頭Referer的訪問規則，包括白名單Referer、黑名單Referer以及是否允許空Referer等，阻止某些Referer訪問您的OSS文件，防止其他網站盜用您的文件，并避免由此引起的不必要的流量費用增加。

注意事項

  • 在配置防盜鏈之前，請確保您已了解該功能。詳情請參見防盜鏈。

  • 本文以華東1（杭州）外網Endpoint為例。如果您希望通過與OSS同地域的其他阿里云產品訪問OSS，請使用內網Endpoint。關于OSS支持的Region與Endpoint的對應關系，請參見OSS訪問域名、數據中心、開放端口。

  • 本文以從環境變量讀取訪問憑證為例。如何配置訪問憑證，請參見Java配置訪問憑證。

  • 本文以OSS域名新建OSSClient為例。如果您希望通過自定義域名、STS等方式新建OSSClient，請參見新建OSSClient。

  • 要設置或清空防盜鏈，您必須具有oss:PutBucketReferer權限；要獲取防盜鏈，您必須具有oss:GetBucketReferer權限。具體操作，請參見為RAM用戶授權自定義的權限策略。

設置防盜鏈

以下代碼用于設置防盜鏈：

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.BucketReferer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以華東1（杭州）為例，其它Region請按實際情況填寫。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 從環境變量中獲取訪問憑證。運行本代碼示例之前，請確保已設置環境變量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填寫Bucket名稱，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填寫Bucket所在地域。以華東1（杭州）為例，Region填寫為cn-hangzhou。
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // 創建OSSClient實例。
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();

        try {
            List<String> refererList = new ArrayList<String>();
            // 添加Referer白名單。Referer參數支持通配符星號（*）和問號（?）。
            refererList.add("http://www.aliyun.com");
            refererList.add("https://www.aliyun.com");
            // refererList.add("http://www.bestwisewords.com");
            // refererList.add("http://www.?.aliyuncs.com");
            // 設置存儲空間Referer列表。設為true表示Referer字段允許為空，設為false表示Referer字段不允許為空。
            BucketReferer br = new BucketReferer(true, refererList);
            ossClient.setBucketReferer(bucketName, br);
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

獲取防盜鏈配置

以下代碼用于獲取防盜鏈配置：

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.BucketReferer;
import java.util.List;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以華東1（杭州）為例，其它Region請按實際情況填寫。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 從環境變量中獲取訪問憑證。運行本代碼示例之前，請確保已設置環境變量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填寫Bucket名稱，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填寫Bucket所在地域。以華東1（杭州）為例，Region填寫為cn-hangzhou。
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // 創建OSSClient實例。
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();

        try {
            // 獲取存儲空間Referer白名單列表。
            BucketReferer br = ossClient.getBucketReferer(bucketName);
            List<String> refererList = br.getRefererList();
            for (String referer : refererList) {
                System.out.println(referer);
            }
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

清空防盜鏈

以下代碼用于清空防盜鏈：

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.BucketReferer;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以華東1（杭州）為例，其它Region請按實際情況填寫。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 從環境變量中獲取訪問憑證。運行本代碼示例之前，請確保已設置環境變量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填寫Bucket名稱，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填寫Bucket所在地域。以華東1（杭州）為例，Region填寫為cn-hangzhou。
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // 創建OSSClient實例。
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();

        try {
            // 防盜鏈不能直接清空，需要新建一個允許空Referer的規則來覆蓋已設置的規則。
            BucketReferer br = new BucketReferer();
            ossClient.setBucketReferer(bucketName, br);
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

相關文檔

  • 關于防盜鏈的完整示例代碼，請參見GitHub。

  • 關于設置防盜鏈的API接口說明，請參見PutBucketReferer。

  • 關于獲取防盜鏈配置的API接口說明，請參見GetBucketReferer。