JQ簡介

JQ 是一個強大的命令行工具，用于處理 JSON 數據。它允許用戶以簡潔、高效的方式過濾、轉換和處理 JSON 文件或輸入流中的數據。JQ 以其易讀的語法和強大的功能，在處理 JSON 數據時特別有用。本文將介紹在模板中如何通過Outputs的ValueSelector解析任務輸出，相關語法請查看任務說明文檔。

JQ官網：https://jqlang.github.io/jq/manual/

JQ在線測試網站：https://jqplay.org/

基礎用法

通過 JQ 過濾指定字段

FormatVersion: OOS-2019-06-01
Tasks:
- Name: describeInstances
  Action: ACS::ExecuteAPI
  Properties:
    Service: ECS
    API: DescribeInstances #API文檔：http://bestwisewords.com/zh/ecs/developer-reference/api-ecs-2014-05-26-describeinstances
    Parameters:
      RegionId: cn-hangzhou
  Outputs:
    instanceIds:
      Type: List # 過濾出所有實例ID
      ValueSelector: Instances.Instance[].InstanceId
    instanceId:
      Type: String # 過濾出單個實例ID
      ValueSelector: Instances.Instance[].InstanceId
    instanceNames:
      Type: List # 過濾出所有實例名稱
      ValueSelector: Instances.Instance[].InstanceName
    instanceIdByCpu:
      Type: String # 過濾出所有實例ID并按Cpu排序
      ValueSelector: .Instances.Instance | sort_by(.Cpu) |.[].InstanceId
    instanceIdByCreationTime:
      Type: String # 過濾出所有實例ID并按CreationTime排序
      ValueSelector: .Instances.Instance | sort_by(.CreationTime) |.[].InstanceId

通過 JQ 過濾指定格式的 JSON

- Name: queryDisks
  Action: 'ACS::ExecuteAPI'
  Properties:
    Service: ECS
    API: DescribeDisks #API文檔：http://bestwisewords.com/zh/ecs/developer-reference/api-ecs-2014-05-26-describedisks
    Parameters:
      RegionId: cn-hangzhou
  Outputs:
    dataDisks:
      Type: Json #過濾出數據盤信息
      ValueSelector: '.Disks.Disk|map( select(.Type == "data")|{"Category":(.Category),"Device": (.Device),"Size":(.Size),"DiskName":(.DiskName),"PerformanceLevel":(.PerformanceLevel)})'
    systemDisk:
      Type: Json #過濾出系統盤信息
      ValueSelector: '.Disks.Disk|map( select(.Type == "system")|{"Category":(.Category),"Device": (.Device),"Size":(.Size),"DiskName":(.DiskName),"PerformanceLevel":(.PerformanceLevel)})'

進階用法

替換JSON中的Key

FormatVersion: OOS-2019-06-01
Tasks:
- Name: describeInstances
  Action: ACS::ExecuteAPI
  Properties:
    Service: ECS
    API: DescribeInstances #API文檔：http://bestwisewords.com/zh/ecs/developer-reference/api-ecs-2014-05-26-describeinstances
    Parameters:
      RegionId: cn-hangzhou
  Outputs:
    tags:
      Type: List # 過濾出非 acs 開頭的 Tags 并把 TagKey 替換為 Key 
      ValueSelector: '.Instances.Instance[].Tags.Tag | map(select( .TagKey | test("^(?!acs).*"))) | .[] | {"Key": .TagKey, "Value": .TagValue}'

按指定字符拼接字符串

FormatVersion: OOS-2019-06-01
Tasks:
- Name: describeInstances
  Action: ACS::ExecuteAPI
  Properties:
    Service: ECS
    API: DescribeInstances #API文檔：http://bestwisewords.com/zh/ecs/developer-reference/api-ecs-2014-05-26-describeinstances
      Parameters:
        RegionId: cn-hangzhou
    Outputs:
      newInstanceName:
        Type: List # 過濾出目標字段并用指定字符串拼接
        ValueSelector: '.Instances.Instance[]|[.InstanceName,.InstanceId,.EipAddress.AllocationId]|.[1],(.|join(":"))'

多個列表合并

FormatVersion: OOS-2019-06-01
Tasks:
- Name: describeInstances
  Action: ACS::ExecuteAPI
  Properties:
    Service: ECS
    API: DescribeInstances #API文檔：http://bestwisewords.com/zh/ecs/developer-reference/api-ecs-2014-05-26-describeinstances
      Parameters:
        RegionId: cn-hangzhou
    Outputs:
      newInstanceName:
        Type: List # 過濾出目標字段并合并到同一個List輸出
        ValueSelector: '.Instances.Instance[] | .VpcAttributes.PrivateIpAddress.IpAddress + .InnerIpAddress.IpAddress + .PublicIpAddress.IpAddress'

通過比較日期過濾出目標字段

FormatVersion: OOS-2019-06-01
Tasks:
  - Name: describeReservedInstances
    Action: ACS::ExecuteAPI
    Properties:
      Service: ECS
      API: DescribeReservedInstances # API文檔：http://bestwisewords.com/zh/ecs/developer-reference/api-ecs-2014-05-26-describereservedinstances
      Parameters:
        RegionId: cn-hangzho
    Outputs:
      reservedInstanceIds:
        Type: List #通過過期時間過濾出目標字段
        ValueSelector: '.ReservedInstances.ReservedInstance[] | select(.ExpiredTime[0:11] == "{{ACS::CurrentDate}}") | .ReservedInstanceId'