教程概覽

本教程將創建和配置ECS實例的配置拆分成不同的Ansible playbooks，方便您了解如何通過YAML格式聲明配置。您可以參考提供的完整示例，運行Playbook創建一臺ECS實例。更多信息，請參見ECS示例。

前提條件

確保您已經安裝并配置了阿里云Ansible模塊。詳情信息，請參見安裝和配置Ansible。

創建專有網絡

在創建ECS實例時，您首先需要創建一個專有網絡（VPC）。

以下Ansible playbook展示了如何創建一個VPC。

---
- name: Create a new VPC
  hosts: localhost
  connection: local
  tasks:
  - name: Create a new alicloud VPC resource
    ali_vpc:
      alicloud_region: 'cn-qingdao'
      cidr_block: '192.168.0.0/16'
      vpc_name: 'vpc_test'
    register: vpc

創建交換機

在創建ECS實例時，您必須要指定ECS實例所屬的交換機。

以下Ansible playbook展示了如何在VPC中創建一個交換機。

---
- name: Create a new Alibaba Cloud VSwitch resource
  hosts: localhost
  connection: local
  tasks:
  - name: Create a new Alibaba Cloud VSwitch resource
    ali_vswitch:
      alicloud_region: 'cn-qingdao'
      alicloud_zone: 'cn-qingdao-b'
      state: 'present'
      cidr_block: '192.168.0.0/24'
      vswitch_name: 'vswitch_test'
      description: '測試ansible創建交換機'
      vpc_id: 'vpc-m5e08bfrh8288********'
    register: vswitch
~                    

創建安全組

以下Ansible playbook展示了如何創建一個安全組并將安全組和VPC關聯。

---
- name: Create a security group
  hosts: localhost
  connection: local
  tasks:
  - name: Create a security group
    ali_security_group:
      alicloud_region: 'cn-qingdao'
      state: 'present'
      name: 'group_test'
      description: '測試ansible創建安全組'
      vpc_id: 'vpc-m5e08bfrh8288********'
    register: group

創建ECS實例

以下Ansible playbook展示了如何創建一臺ECS實例。

---
- name: Create a new VPC
  hosts: localhost
  connection: local
  tasks:
  - name: Create an ECS instance
    ali_instance:
      alicloud_region: 'cn-qingdao'
      alicloud_zone: 'cn-qingdao-b'
      image_id: 'aliyun_3_x64_20G_alibase_20240528.vhd'
      instance_type: 'ecs.g6.large'
      internet_charge_type: 'PayByTraffic'
      instance_name: 'ecs_ansible_test'
      description: '測試ansible創建ECS'
      system_disk_category: 'cloud_efficiency'
      system_disk_size: '40'
      password: 'ansible@1234'
      vswitch_id: 'vsw-m5ey1ybjn0yh0********'
      security_groups: ['sg-m5e2fjcye6yb********']
      host_name: 'myhost'
      count: 1
      instance_charge_type: 'PostPaid'
    register: ecs

運行Playbook創建一臺ECS實例

完成以下操作，通過Playbook創建一臺ECS實例：

1. 創建一個名稱為alicloud_create_ecs.yml的文件，然后通過VI 編輯器打開。

   vi alicloud_create_ecs.yml

2. 在編輯模式下，將以下完整的Playbook示例粘貼到alicloud_create_ecs.yml文件中。

   說明

   請您根據實際需要，參考以下示例更改ECS的配置信息。

   ---
   - name: Create a new VPC 
     hosts: localhost
     connection: local
     vars: 
       vpc_cidr: "172.16.0.0/12"
       vpc_name: "VPC_From_Ansible"
       vpc_description: "Create a new VPC resource via Ansible example alicloud-ecs-vpc."
       alicloud_region: cn-qingdao
       alicloud_zone: cn-qingdao-b
       vswitch_cidr: "172.16.1.0/24"
       vswitch_name: "VSwitch_From_Ansible"
       vswitch_description: "Create a new VSwitch resource via Ansible example alicloud-ecs-vpc."
       group_name: "Security_Group_From_Ansible"
       group_description: "Create a new security group resource via Ansible example alicloud-ecs-vpc."
       group_inboundRules:
         - ip_protocol: tcp
           port_range: 22/22
           source_cidr_ip: 0.0.0.0/0
           dest_cidr_ip: 47.89.23.33/32
           priority: 2
       image: centos_6_8_64_40G_base_20170222.vhd
       type: ecs.n4.small
       instance_name: newtests2
       description: travis-ansible-instance2
       host_name: myhost
       count: 1
       allocate_public_ip: True
       internet_charge_type: PayByBandwidth
       max_bandwidth_in: 200
       max_bandwidth_out: 10
       key_name: ECS_KEY
       tags:
         role: frontend
     tasks: 
     - name: Create a new alicloud VPC resource
       ali_vpc:
         alicloud_region: '{{ alicloud_region }}'
         cidr_block: '{{ vpc_cidr }}'
         vpc_name: '{{ vpc_name }}'
       register: vpc
     - name: Create a new alicloud VSwitch resource
       ali_vswitch:
         alicloud_region: '{{ alicloud_region }}'
         alicloud_zone: '{{ alicloud_zone }}'
         state: 'present'
         cidr_block: '{{ vswitch_cidr }}'
         vswitch_name: '{{ vswitch_name }}'
         description: '{{ vswitch_description }}'
         vpc_id: '{{vpc.vpc.id}}'
       register: vswitch
     # - name: output information of the vpc
     #   debug:
     #     msg: "The created vpc is {{ vpc }}."
     # - name: output information of the vSwitch
     #   debug:
     #     msg: "The created vpc is {{ vswitch }}."
     # - name: Get the existing vpc
     #   ali_vpc_facts:
     #     region: '{{alicloud_region}}'
     #     vpc_name: '{{vpc_name}}'
     #   register: vpcs
   
     - name: Creating security group
       ali_security_group:
         alicloud_region: '{{ alicloud_region }}'
         state: 'present'
         name: '{{ group_name }}'
         description: '{{ group_description }}'
         vpc_id: '{{vpc.vpc.id}}'
         rules: '{{ group_inboundRules }}'
       register: group
   
     - name: Creating an ECS instance
       ali_instance:
         alicloud_region: '{{ alicloud_region }}'
         alicloud_zone: '{{ alicloud_zone }}'
         image_id: '{{ image }}'
         instance_type: '{{ type }}'
         instance_name: '{{ instance_name }}'
         description: '{{ description }}'
         host_name: '{{ host_name }}'
         vswitch_id: '{{vswitch.vswitch.id}}'
         security_groups: '{{group.group.id}}'
         count: '{{count}}'
         allocate_public_ip: '{{ allocate_public_ip }}'
         internet_charge_type: '{{ internet_charge_type }}'
         max_bandwidth_in: '{{ max_bandwidth_in }}'
         max_bandwidth_out: '{{ max_bandwidth_out }}'
         tags: '{{tags}}'
       register: ecs
     - name: output information of the vm
       debug:
         msg: "The created vm is {{ ecs }}."
   

3. 保存后，退出編輯模式。

4. 運行Ansible playbook創建ECS實例。

   ansible-playbook alicloud_create_ecs.yml